The task of attempting to change one's name while living abroad is arduous. Most states require a 30 or 60 days between the day the name change is filed and the actual court appearance. For anyone living abroad, this is cost-prohibitive and most likely interferes with work. The cost of hiring a lawyer to file paperwork is also expensive and may still require an appearance in court.
Being able to change a name to reflect one's presentation is important for the happiness and safety of American citizens living abroad.