The 4th Amendment states that "The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause". The meaning of "probable cause" is apparent facts discovered through logical inquiry that would lead a reasonably intelligent and prudent person to believe that an accused person has committed a crime. The meaning of probable cause should drop the phrase "reasonably intelligent and prudent person" and replace with actual facts discovered through inquiry that the accused person has committed a crime.
Since Probable Cause is the foundation to our criminal and civil system, its meaning should clear and not on a particular person's intelligence or prudence.



