1) You must own a license for your firearm that is issued by the state in which you reside. If you want to travel with your firearm, you can apply for reciprocity in the states in which you travel, or you can apply for a federal firearm license that will cover all fifty states.
2) You must attend a comprehensive firearms training and safety course. This course will last at least forty hours, cover the safety and appropriate use and storage of firearms. It will cover the firearms laws appropriate to your state. A national license will require that you learn the applicable firearms laws in all fifty states. You must pass both a written exam and a range exam, both with at least 90% accuracy.
3) You must qualify with at least 90% accuracy in target shooting yearly, or license revoked.