Every election cycle less and less Americans vote for their representatives. In recent year's only about 60% of Americans that have the right to vote actually do.
By making it punishable similar to the way people that do not comply with ACA, people will be "encouraged" to vote.
Also, extend the voting period from a mere one day to three, this will give persons that have busy schedules the ability to vote, rather than skip the voting process like they would a missed meal.